All is quiet on the economic front, at least until 2 Jan 09…..Kuwait craps on Dow, GM/Chrysler get their minimum amount of cash, Wall Street biggies are rolling in dough and foreclosures continue to rise. By now everyone is tired of bad news, especially economic bad news and stick their heads into the wide screen TV and prey all will get better. The spoiled, pampered nation ignores the obvious hoping it will go away. No one wants to admit that the situation will get worse.
Few will admit to the causes of the problems and the biggest has been ignored for long enough. Credit is the culprit, at least that is what they want us to believe. Personally, I see another way.
THERE IS ANOTHER CAUSE, not yet mentioned, that must be considered before we can fully explain the impact of progress on the distribution of wealth. It is the confident expectation that land values will increase in the future. The steady increase of rent in all growing countries leads to speculation — holding onto land for a higher price than it would otherwise bring at that time.
The result of land being withheld is that the margin of the city is pushed away so much farther from the center. The actual margin of building is at the limits of the city. This corresponds to the margin of production in agriculture. But we will not find land available at its value for agricultural purposes, as we would if rent were determined simply by present requirements. Instead, we find — for a long distance beyond the city — that land bears a speculative value. This is based upon the belief that it will be required for urban purposes in the future. To reach the point at which land can be purchased at a price not based upon urban rent, we must go very far beyond the actual margin of urban use.
We may conceive of speculation as extending the margin of production. Or, we can look at it as carrying the rent line past the margin of production. However we view it, the influence of speculation on increasing rent is an important fact. It cannot be ignored in any complete theory of the distribution of wealth in progressive countries. Speculation is the force, arising from material progress, that constantly tends to increase rent in a greater ratio than progress increases production. As material progress goes on and productive power increases, speculation thus constantly tends to reduce wages — not merely relatively, but absolutely.
Speculation–It leads to land being withheld from use, as higher prices are expected. Thus, the margin of production is forced out farther than required by the necessities of production. As landowners confidently expect rents to increase further, they demand more rent than the land would provide under current conditions.
The price of land has been a major contributor to just about all our recessions and such. When one acquires land to hold for higher prices–then that is speculation. There is a way to control speculation, but the question is, does anyone really want to stop the cycle of boom or bust? Thanks to American economist Henry George that answer is Land Value Taxation.
