Regulators have now seized 13 banks, and seven so far in February are the most for a month since 1993. State and federal agencies shuttered 25 banks last year, matching the total for 2001-2007, as home foreclosures soared and bank profits tumbled. The FDIC has doubled premiums it charges banks to replenish its reserves, which had $34.6 billion as of the third quarter.

The Obama administration is seeking to jolt the economy with a bank rescue using $350 billion from the Troubled Asset Relief Program, a $787 billion stimulus package and a plan to stem foreclosures. The housing plan involves the U.S. subsidizing as much as $50 billion for interest-rate cuts to help borrowers avoid losing their homes, said a person briefed on the proposal.

The FDIC classified 171 banks as “problem” in the third quarter, a 46 percent jump from the second, and said industry earnings fell 94 percent to $1.73 billion from the previous year. A new report may be released this month.

As many as 1,000 U.S. banks may fail in the next three to five years from mounting losses on commercial real-estate loans, RBC Capital Markets analysts said, almost double the one-year tally at the height of the saving-and-loan collapse. Most of the failures may occur at banks with less than $2 billion in assets.

More than 250,000 foreclosures were filed in January, the 10th straight month of a quarter-million filings, RealtyTrac Inc., the Irvine, California-based provider of real estate data, said in a statement this week.